Does Hypothyroidism Affect Fertility?

The thyroid gland, located in the neck, produces essential hormones known as triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). When the thyroid gland does not produce enough of these hormones, a condition called hypothyroidism occurs, which can have wide-ranging effects on the body, including its impact on female fertility.

Causes of Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism results from reduced activity of the thyroid gland. Common causes include:

• Autoimmune Thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s Disease): The immune system attacks and destroys thyroid cells, reducing hormone production.
• Radioactive Iodine Treatment: Often used to treat hyperthyroidism or thyroid cancer.
• Thyroidectomy: Surgical removal of the thyroid gland.
• Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland.
• Certain Medications: Drugs that interfere with thyroid hormone production.

Among these, autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism.

Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

Symptoms can vary in severity but often include:

• Weight gain.
• Low tolerance to cold temperatures.
• Heavy or irregular menstruation.
• Swollen face.
• Hair loss.
• Constipation.
• Fatigue.
• Fertility issues.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is diagnosed through:

• Medical history and physical examination.
• Ultrasound of the thyroid gland.
• Blood tests, including:
  • TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone).
  • Free T4 and Free T3 levels.
  • Thyroid antibodies.

Treatment:

• Hypothyroidism is typically treated with hormone replacement therapy to restore normal thyroid hormone levels.

How Does Hypothyroidism Affect Fertility?

Yes, hypothyroidism can negatively impact fertility.

Effects on Reproductive Health:

• Thyroid hormones interact with estrogen and progesterone to regulate ovulation and egg maturation.
• When thyroid function is impaired, it can disrupt ovulation and reduce the likelihood of conception.
• Studies also link hypothyroidism to infertility and an increased risk of miscarriage.

Support at Sakalli IVF

If you are concerned about how hypothyroidism may be affecting your fertility, Sakalli IVF offers comprehensive infertility evaluations and personalized care. Contact us today to learn more about how we can help you achieve your dream of parenthood.